Temperature
Temperature is defined as the degree of hotness or coldness of a body. The S.I unit of temperature is Kelvin. The Kelvin scale is called the absolute or thermodynamic scale. Other common scales of temperature are centigrade or Celsius (0C) and Fahrenheit (0F).
0 0C = (0 + 273) K
The need to have two reference or fixed points of temperature called the upper and lower fixed points gave rise to different temperature scales.
Upper fixed point: This is the temperature of steam from pure water boiling at standard atmospheric pressure. On the Celsius scale, it has the value of 1000C.
Lower fixed point: This is the temperature of pure melting ice at standard atmospheric pressure. On the Celsius scale, it has the value of 00C.
The interval between the upper and lower fixed points is called the fundamental interval.